Information to Sociology/Demography/HARIKIM

Summary)

What is demography?
Demography is a study of population dynamics. This includes research on the size, structure and distribution of the population and how the population will change over time due to birth, death, migration and aging. This demographic analysis is a powerful tool for explaining many sociological phenomena.
Fertility rates have fallen early in the developed world, followed by Asia and Latin America. One of the strongest predictors of fertility is the education level of women. Almost universally, the higher the level of education, the lower the fertility rate. Women who are more likely to become parents due to marriage delays and delays have improved labor market opportunities. The fertility rate is closely related to the level of development of the country, which affects other factors. The cost of raising children in developed countries reduces the fertility rate in those countries.
Demographic mortality is concerned with the number of deaths or population-related deaths at a specific time or place. Less developed areas have a higher infant mortality rate than developed areas. Life expectancy is higher in developed countries around the world. For example, you can improve your health a lot in your old age by adding years to your life through years of education.
This demographic not only predicts the mortality rate of the fertility rate, but also shows the current trend of the world population. Thus, demography is a powerful tool for explaining many sociological phenomena.

New/Interesting things I learned)


With demographics, we can see that the world is growing in population, and urbanization is happening.
In the early nineteenth century Thomas Malthus realized that if left unconstrained, the human population would grow so large that it would continue to grow until it could not be subsidized by food grown on available farmland. He insisted on population control through moral suppression to prevent this from happening. Like his claim, over population has brought big problems. For example, we found that overpopulation poses problems such as child poverty, reduced life expectancy, increased unemployment, less surplus food and lower per capita GDP. I also realized that I would need a possible solution to the overpopulation.

It is interesting that the world is experiencing urbanization and urbanization is a problem, but there are also positive points. Urbanization is defined by the United Nations as the movement of people from rural to urban areas, where population growth is equivalent to urban migration. As more and more people leave towns and farms to live in the city, we can see that the city is growing. Urbanization has brought inequality. But urban life has been interesting because it allows individuals and families to take advantage of proximity, diversity and market competition opportunities. And urbanization has an environmental problem called heat island, but it was interesting that it could have a positive impact on the overall environment, such as minimizing land use by humans.

Discussion Point)


There is a sentence called "The greatest disaster in the world is population increase".
But Korea is suffering from low fertility. There is not only the polarization of the rich. The polarization of the population is also evident.
The OECD report cites a report from the United Nations Population Division that "the world population will increase by 3 billion in the present population for the next half-century, reaching 93 by 2050, It is expected to reach a billion people. " At the global level, explosive population growth is a bigger problem than low fertility. Most population growth occurs in Africa and Asia where developing countries are gathering. Explosive population growth in poor countries leads to indiscriminate deforestation and increases energy consumption. Environmental pollution and global warming caused by this are obvious. However, there is no clear way to control this.
Korea is struggling with low fertility and the global village is suffering from an overpopulation. This is also a kind of polarization. Globalization is not reducing the global gap. 

How can we solve the problem of overpopulation and solve the polarization of the population?
 I want to discuss with you.





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