Introduction to Sociology/Race_and_Ethnicity/Jungho Kang

1. Summary

Race is rooted in the concept of biological classification according to morphological and physical differences such as skin color and facial characteristics. A race is related to race, but it means a difference in social characteristics, not biological differences. Social characteristics frequently used in ethnic grouping include nationality, scarcity, religion, language, and culture. Initially, races were universally considered to reflect differences in moral character and group intelligence, but racial definitions have historically changed historically based on scientific arguments, such as the discussion of racism, Mendel'ㄴ genetics, and Charles Robert Darwin's evolution theory.
 There is a debate about whether races are socially constructed or biological, but in the case of the United States, legal natives have rights to treaties on land, while individuals with a single Indian grandparent are classified as Native Americans And can not have the right to land. This supports the claim that races are socially constructed. However, in the case of racial discrimination, this is supported by the claim that it is a biological lineage because it is determined by the skin color or hair color that is clearly revealed. In conclusion, the best way to understand race is to recognize the overlap between socially constructed boundaries and biological / genetic factors. There is a clear biological difference between races, but there is a social impact in classifying races.
 Racism is the idea that race is a major determinant of human ability, but that certain races are superior or inferior to other races. Such discrimination generally occurs at the individual level but also at the cultural, historical and structural levels. In the United States, for example, pollution is more concentrated in slum areas and there was a social atmosphere that refused to marry races until 1967. Race definitions and research are often done in an attempt to justify the unjust treatment of slaves and certain groups. In recent years, such tendencies have disappeared, but there are still a lot of racial discrimination in our society.


2. Interesting Point

I was most shocked at the introduction of this article. I knew Barack Obama was born between an American mother and a Kenyan father. But I also thought Barack Obama was black. He has brown skin color, but obviously his mother is white. But we just call Barack Obama a black man with only his skin color. Of course, as stated in the article, skin color is the most important biological factor in determining race. But just because of his different skin color, Barack Obama received a blackmail letter to KKK at the time of his inauguration and was criticized by many white advocates at his retirement. I was very sympathetic to the eagle that I had to focus on social factors rather than on biological factors. This article shows how dangerous it is to evaluate people with simple biological factors.


3. Discussion Point

When I saw the word 'racism', I remembered many incidents. Auschwitz camp in Germany, Killing Field in Cambodia, KKK, and racist remarks we face in our everyday lives. It is not easy to deny that racial discrimination is widespread not only in society but also among individuals. And we can not overcome it easily, even though we are constantly receiving education that this is wrong. But I believe time will solve it. What is important is that discriminatory thinking about race is disappearing, and the perspective of understanding various races is much higher than before. I think that someday we will be able to overcome this discrimination and become truly globalized. In order to overcome these racial discrimination more quickly, I think that education should be carried out from very young age. What is your opinion?


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