1. Summary
This article said 'Socialization'.
In short, socialization is the process of preparing human beings for social
life. In general, socialization is divided into two stages. Primary
socialization occurs during childhood and adolescence. Secondary socialization
means socialization that takes place throughout the whole of one 's life. In
the first socialization, the identity of the individual develops, and it is in
the second place that it is embodied. Other distinctions are broad and narrow
socialization. Broad socialization promotes self-expression, and narrow
socialization promotes obedience and compliance. However, this distinction is
not well used.
Socialization is very
important for humans living in society to understand each other. Especially if
they do not acquire proper socialization in their childhood, they may have some
unfortunate things that do not understand the people around them. To understand
socialization theoretically, there are symbolic interaction, role theory,
strengthening theory, and internationalization theory. What is most important
in understanding socialization? It is that socialization is culturally relative.
Therefore, a person cannot evaluate socialization as right or wrong.
Nonetheless, we are perceived as normal and abnormal.
2. Interesting Point
“For instance, there is evidence that most
children have innate empathy for individuals who are wilfully injured and
consider it wrong. Thus, some aspects of human behavior that one might believe are
learned, like empathy and morals, may, in fact, be biologically determined.” It is from this
article. In the oriental idea, there are ‘性善說’(the theory that human nature is fundamentally good), ‘性惡說’(the theory that human nature is fundamentally evil), and ‘性無善惡說’(the theory that human nature is fundamentally good or evil). When
I was high school student, I know that these ideas had many discussions. But
the words in this article say that we are somewhat genetically good. This is
like that of ‘性善說’ (the theory that human nature is fundamentally good)
The three goals of
socialization proposed by Arnett were like that of Freud’s idea. Freud
distinguished human as id, ego, and super-ego. Socialization seems to be like
Freud's super-ego. The super-ego method of controlling humans from within is
like socialization, because it is impossible to adapt to complex societies with
mere need fulfillment. Freud, of course, is interested in using social factors
for social adaptation, although there are differences in the use of
mythological elements for super-ego.
3. Discussion point
We go through a lot of resocialization in the process of secondary
socialization. For Korean men, this is especially true of the military. The men
who went to the army remove many of the elements that society learned to become
a man that the military wants. So far, there is no big problem because it is a
process to become a soldier. But the problem is after the army. Korean society is very similar to military culture.
If you go to an army and come back to society, you need to be resocialized.
Without such a process, you will apply the socialization process learned in the
military as it is in society. This causes many problems in relation to the
culture of Korean society at present. What are some ways to solve this? Do we
need to change the atmosphere of society as a whole? Or should the individual
try to change himself or herself?
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