1. Summary
In this article, it says that there is a word called deviance, and it introduces different kinds of view to deviance from different kinds of theory. Before the start, deviance means all behavior which violates cultural norms that already existed. Norms are helpful in expecting human's behavior in the social world. The deviance, which violates cultural norms, there are two ways that it can go. First, there is formal deviance. Formal deviance means that someone is breaking the officially ruled laws. It represented with murder, bank robbery, etc. And there is informal deviance. It means that someone is breaking the informal social norm which never been ruled as law. It can differ from the different culture(due to relativity in cultural norms), but in some cultures belching loudly can be included in the example of informal deviance. In psychological and biological theory, people avoid deviance because if they do, some other people in a group will punish him/her. Merton suggested a typology of deviant behavior using two criteria he developed. According to his typology, there are five types of deviance related to conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion. In Structural-Functionalism sight, deviance has three important roles in society. First, it helps people find which behavior is acceptable. Second, it can help social unity. And third, it has a role in society while it changing. In Conflict theory, they saw deviance is influenced by power imbalances. Labeling theory suggests, if following two things occur, a person can be deviant. First thing is when a deviant label is given to them, and the second thing is when they got the label, they adopted behaviors related to that label. It means that people force the deviant label to them, and they accept that deviant label and they behave like a deviant.
Crime statics are collected by governments to use many different ways. But people should know that it doesn’t give a perfect view of the crime. Using crime statics, we can know that U.S. has the highest percentage of people in prison in sheer numbers, and also has high recidivism rate. And crime statics can show the difference in criminal activity by gender, and additionally, it shows that war on crime in U.S. is targeting African Americans.
There are two social controls, which suggested for bring the people into cultural norms from deviant. Formal social control and Informal social control is that. Formal social controls include prisons, informal social controls are represented as parenting(when your child do the wrong thing, parents will let them that that is wrong.
2,3. New/interesting points, and discussion
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| http://polinlove.tistory.com/3934 |
I newly knew about several views of watching deviance. To me, an idea of stigma in labeling theory was most interesting. While I read that, it reminds me of electronic monitoring anklets. As you know, in South Korea, there is electronic monitoring anklet that sex criminal wears. In here, we can see the photo and profile of the sex criminals by mails which sent to show you information about sex criminals who live near your home. It seems that sex criminals are hard to hide their criminal record. It might be seen as labeling. In labeling theory's sight, labeling leads people to have deviant behavior. But South Korea adopted electronic monitoring anklets because we thought that is helpful to prevent the second crime of sex criminals. What do you think? Is it helpful, or is it just make people commit a sex crime again by leading them to deviant behavior?
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