1.Summary
Structural-Functionalism
Functionalism is a sociological theory that attempts to describe the original social system as a collective means of addressing the biological needs of individuals.
Social institutions focus on ways to satisfy social needs and include Durkheim as a representative scholar. Durkheim argues that in today's complex society, a member of the community performs a very different task, forming a strong interdependency between individuals.
Conflict theory
A prominent theory of social studies that often contrasts with structural functionalism is a conflict theory. Karl Marx is a representative sociologist of the theory of conflict. Conflict theory argues that society is the best understanding that society is not understood as a complex system of seeking balance. Conflict theory has been developed partly to illustrate the limitations of structural function. Conflict theory argues that societies continue to suffer conflicts over resources. Conflict theory is ideal for explaining social change.
Symbolic Interactionism
Symbolic interaction is a theoretical approach to understanding the relationship between human beings and society. The basic concept of symbolic interaction is that human interactions and interactions can only be understood through meaningful communication or symbolic exchanges.
According to symbolism, the objective world of Objectivity has no reality for humans and only arbitrarily defined objects. Meaning can change through human ingenuity, and individuals can influence many meanings that form society.
Role Theory
The role theory assumes that human behavior is guided by expectations that both individuals and others expect. The role specifies the goals to be performed, the actions to be performed, and the performance required in given scenario or scenario. Role theory argues that much of observable daily social behavior is the actor who performs his role.
Many role theorists view the role theory as one of the most powerful theories that can lead to personal behavior and social structure. The roles determined by social structures and partly social interactions lead to personal behavior.
Impression management
The theory of impression management argues that people are constantly controlling how others perceive others. This process represents a purposeful attitude or unconscious effort that affects the perception of others by regulating and controlling information in social interactions. In a typical academic situation, a representative scholar, Erving Goffman, claimed that he was acting like an actor on stage.
Social constructionism
Social doctrine aims to discover how individuals and groups find ways to create their perceived reality. Social commentary is not analyzing the cause and outcome, but rather focusing on the explanation of the system and its behavior. The reality is reproduced by people who interpret what they perceive as the external world. In other words, there is no real existence besides being produced and reproduced in social interactions.
Liberal Feminism
Liberal feminists believe both men and women are disadvantaged by gender expectations. They support changes in law, education, and socialization to bring about gender equality.
Marxist and Socialist Feminism
The Marxist feminists believe that female oppression is mainly due to the capitalist exploitation of women and the support of women through unpaid household labor. Therefore, I think eliminating capitalism will remove gender inequality.
Socialistic feminists believe that female oppression is inextricably linked to class oppression.
Radical, Separatist, and Cultural Feminism
Radicals feminists believe that women are suppressed by our patriarchal society. Because our existing politics, science, religion, and social organization are essentially patriarchal entities, they pursue the fundamental realignment of society.
Separationists believe that they can not solve the problem if women and men are together. Women need to separate themselves from men to achieve equality. Cultural feminists are focusing on empowering women by emphasizing and encouraging positive qualities associated with women.
Integration Theory
Recently, some sociologists have taken a different approach to sociological theory by using an integrated approach to providing a comprehensive understanding of human social behavior.
An integrated approach is particularly useful for describing social phenomena. Because various components of social life interact together and affect society and behavior.
2.What was the most interesting thing you have read?
It was interesting to learn more about the theories learned through school lessons.
Social scientists develop a theory to describe social phenomena. A theory is a description of why or how a phenomenon develops.
We need to use a theory that leads to bridging the links between us in order to understand the social world around us.
It was also very interesting that conflicting theories provided a persuasive explanation for each other's social phenomena.
3.Dicussion question
What is the most prominent theory of understanding and applying modern societies? If there are no specific theories to apply, why is that?
Structural-Functionalism
Functionalism is a sociological theory that attempts to describe the original social system as a collective means of addressing the biological needs of individuals.
Social institutions focus on ways to satisfy social needs and include Durkheim as a representative scholar. Durkheim argues that in today's complex society, a member of the community performs a very different task, forming a strong interdependency between individuals.
Conflict theory
A prominent theory of social studies that often contrasts with structural functionalism is a conflict theory. Karl Marx is a representative sociologist of the theory of conflict. Conflict theory argues that society is the best understanding that society is not understood as a complex system of seeking balance. Conflict theory has been developed partly to illustrate the limitations of structural function. Conflict theory argues that societies continue to suffer conflicts over resources. Conflict theory is ideal for explaining social change.
Symbolic Interactionism
Symbolic interaction is a theoretical approach to understanding the relationship between human beings and society. The basic concept of symbolic interaction is that human interactions and interactions can only be understood through meaningful communication or symbolic exchanges.
According to symbolism, the objective world of Objectivity has no reality for humans and only arbitrarily defined objects. Meaning can change through human ingenuity, and individuals can influence many meanings that form society.
Role Theory
The role theory assumes that human behavior is guided by expectations that both individuals and others expect. The role specifies the goals to be performed, the actions to be performed, and the performance required in given scenario or scenario. Role theory argues that much of observable daily social behavior is the actor who performs his role.
Many role theorists view the role theory as one of the most powerful theories that can lead to personal behavior and social structure. The roles determined by social structures and partly social interactions lead to personal behavior.
Impression management
The theory of impression management argues that people are constantly controlling how others perceive others. This process represents a purposeful attitude or unconscious effort that affects the perception of others by regulating and controlling information in social interactions. In a typical academic situation, a representative scholar, Erving Goffman, claimed that he was acting like an actor on stage.
Social constructionism
Social doctrine aims to discover how individuals and groups find ways to create their perceived reality. Social commentary is not analyzing the cause and outcome, but rather focusing on the explanation of the system and its behavior. The reality is reproduced by people who interpret what they perceive as the external world. In other words, there is no real existence besides being produced and reproduced in social interactions.
Liberal Feminism
Liberal feminists believe both men and women are disadvantaged by gender expectations. They support changes in law, education, and socialization to bring about gender equality.
Marxist and Socialist Feminism
The Marxist feminists believe that female oppression is mainly due to the capitalist exploitation of women and the support of women through unpaid household labor. Therefore, I think eliminating capitalism will remove gender inequality.
Socialistic feminists believe that female oppression is inextricably linked to class oppression.
Radical, Separatist, and Cultural Feminism
Radicals feminists believe that women are suppressed by our patriarchal society. Because our existing politics, science, religion, and social organization are essentially patriarchal entities, they pursue the fundamental realignment of society.
Separationists believe that they can not solve the problem if women and men are together. Women need to separate themselves from men to achieve equality. Cultural feminists are focusing on empowering women by emphasizing and encouraging positive qualities associated with women.
Integration Theory
Recently, some sociologists have taken a different approach to sociological theory by using an integrated approach to providing a comprehensive understanding of human social behavior.
An integrated approach is particularly useful for describing social phenomena. Because various components of social life interact together and affect society and behavior.
2.What was the most interesting thing you have read?
It was interesting to learn more about the theories learned through school lessons.
Social scientists develop a theory to describe social phenomena. A theory is a description of why or how a phenomenon develops.
We need to use a theory that leads to bridging the links between us in order to understand the social world around us.
It was also very interesting that conflicting theories provided a persuasive explanation for each other's social phenomena.
3.Dicussion question
What is the most prominent theory of understanding and applying modern societies? If there are no specific theories to apply, why is that?
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