1. Summary
Culture is the something of the material and mental process that the human group of a society has changed nature.
So ,culture is different from society to society.
When we understand culture as a high culture concept, we can think that people have a high culture and a low culture.
We think there is a level difference in culture.
But time has passed and scholars in the late 19th century broke this cultural awareness.
Social scientists think that there is no grade in culture and there are no advanced and low levels.
On the other hand, there is the concept of subculture.
Subculture is a subgroup culture that shows its own characteristics and identity.
There is a conflict among cultural perspectives. It is ethnocentrism and cultural relativism.
First, Ethnocentrism is an attitude that falls into the superiority of self-culture and evaluates other cultures negatively. On the contrary, cultural relativism is the view that recognizes and understands the diversity of world culture.
There are various functions of culture, one of which is to perform certain functions in society. Culture plays a role in connecting social members together.
On the other hand, it may create social inequality.
Culture can be used to justify unequal domination of a particular group.
Culture can change and resist change. Cultural contacts can adapt to different cultures, and the culture of one society can be replaced with a culture of another society.
Culture is a word that is difficult to define in one way.
But one thing is clear: culture seems to be fixed in our lives, but it changes.
And the speed and the shape of the change are all different.
2. New/Interesting things I learned
I'm interested about ethnocentrism and cultural relativism.
We should take pride in our culture.
But we should not think that ours is unconditionally right.
However, If we accept all cultures, we lose our uniqueness.
3. Discussion point
Cultural relativism recognizes cultural diversity.
Should we then recognize all cultures?
Should we accept cultures like cannibals and incest?
What is the range of cultural diversity that cultural relativism claims?
Cultural relativism admits cultural diversity. However, disregarding the values of universal is extreme cultural relativism. Extreme cultural relativism should be avoided. You should not accept unconditionally when you encounter culture. Culture should be critically embraced by moral values.
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